constable

英 ['k?nst?b(?)l; 'k?n-] 美['kɑnst?bl]

TEM4IELTS中低頻詞擴展詞匯

復數:?constables;

constable 警察，警官

來自拉丁短語comes stabuli, 管馬的官員。comes, 詞源同count, 伯爵，stable,馬廐。后來詞義發生了變化。比較marshal, 將軍，原指管馬的官員。

constable: constable: [13] The late Latin comes stabulī was an officer in charge of the stables (comes is the source of the English title count, and stabulum is the ancestor of English stable). From the comparatively lowly status of head groom, the job gradually grew in importance until Old French conestable was used for the principal officer of the household of the early French kings. In the 14th century the title was adopted for the Constable of England. On a less exalted level, the word has also been used since the 14th century for someone appointed to uphold law and order, and was applied to police officers when they were called into being in the 1830s.
=> count, stable
constable (n.): c. 1200, "chief household officer, justice of the peace," from Old French conestable (12c., Modern French connétable), "steward, governor," principal officer of the Frankish king's household, from Late Latin comes stabuli, literally "count of the stable" (established by Theodosian Code, c.438 C.E.), hence, "chief groom." See count (n.). Second element is from Latin stabulum "stable, standing place" (see stable (n.)). Probably a translation of a Germanic word. Meaning "an officer of the peace" is from c. 1600, transferred to "police officer" 1836. French reborrowed constable 19c. as "English police."

1. The Chief Constable's clipped tones crackled over the telephone line.: 電話線那頭噼里啪啦地傳來警察局長短促的聲音。

2. He detailed a constable to take it to the Incident Room.: 他派了一名警察把它送到重案調查室。

3. The Chief Constable deeply resented any intrusions into his manor.: 警察局局長對侵入其轄區的行為深惡痛絕。

4. The Chief Constable said that sexual harassment was deplorable.: 郡警察局長說性騷擾應受譴責。

5. The detective-constable picked out the words with difficulty.: 探警費力地辨認出這些文字。