custom
英 ['k?st?m]
美['k?st?m]
- n. 習慣，慣例；風俗；海關，關稅；經常光顧；[總稱]（經常性的）顧客
- adj. （衣服等）定做的，定制的
CET4TEM4IELTS考研TOEFLCET6中低頻詞核心詞匯
詞態(tài)變化
復數:?customs;
中文詞源
custom 習俗，慣例，海關
來自拉丁詞consuetus, 來自詞根su, 自己的，詞源同self, idiom. 即形成自己的習慣。對進口商品慣常性的征收一定的稅金或費用并最終形成專門的政府機構，詞義由慣例引申為海關。
英文詞源
- custom
- custom: [12] Custom comes ultimately from Latin consuēscere, a compound verb formed from the intensive prefix com- and suēscere ‘become accustomed’. This in turn was derived from suī, the genitive singular of the reflexive pronoun suus ‘oneself’; the notion underlying its formation was therefore ‘that which is one’s own’, a semantic element echoed in Greek ethos ‘custom, usage, trait’, which was based ultimately on Indo-European *swe- ‘oneself’.
From consuēscere was formed the Latin noun consuētūdō ‘being accustomed’ (source of the English legal noun consuetude ‘custom’ [14]). This passed into early Old French as *costudne, which developed via *costumne to custome, the form borrowed into Middle English (English costume came from the same ultimate source, but via Italian costume).
The word’s original sense, ‘habitual practice’, developed various secondary associations, including ‘customary tax’ (whence customs duties) and ‘customary business patronage’ (whence customer). The derivative accustom [15] was borrowed from Anglo-Norman acustumer.
=> accustom, costume - custom (n.)
- c. 1200, "habitual practice," from Old French costume "custom, habit, practice; clothes, dress" (12c., Modern French coutume), from Vulgar Latin *consuetumen, from Latin consuetudinem (nominative consuetudo) "habit, usage, way, practice, tradition, familiarity," from consuetus, past participle of consuescere "accustom," from com-, intensive prefix (see com-), + suescere "become used to, accustom oneself," related to sui, genitive of suus "oneself," from PIE *swe- "oneself" (see idiom). Replaced Old English teaw. Sense of a "regular" toll or tax on goods is early 14c. The native word here is toll.
- custom (adj.)
- "made to measure or order," c. 1830, from custom (n.).
雙語例句
- 1. It was his invariable custom to have one whisky before his supper.
- 晚飯前來杯威士忌，這是他一直以來的習慣。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. Furniture can also be custom-made to suit your own requirements.
- 你也可以按照自己的要求定制家具。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. The married women of Shitamachi maintained the custom of blackening their teeth.
- 下町的已婚女性還保留著把牙齒涂黑的習俗。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. This custom was still current in the late 1960s.
- 這種習俗在20世紀60年代末仍然很普遍。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. When they conquered Britain, the Romans brought this custom with them.
- 古羅馬人征服英國的時候也帶來了這個風俗。
來自柯林斯例句