sand

英 [s?nd] 美[s?nd]

CET4TEM4考研CET6中頻詞核心詞匯

復(fù)數(shù):?sands;第三人稱單數(shù):?sands;過去式:?sanded;過去分詞:?sanded;現(xiàn)在分詞:?sanding;

sand 沙，沙子，磨砂，用砂紙打磨

來自古英語 sand,沙，來自 Proto-Germanic*samdaz,沙，來自 PIE*sem,傾瀉，涌出。引申動詞詞義磨砂，用砂紙打磨。

sand: sand: [OE] Sand is a widespread Germanic word, shared by German, Swedish, and Danish (Dutch has zand). Its prehistoric source was *sandam, which went back to an Indo-European *samdam. This also produced Latin sabulum ‘sand’, which evolved into French sable and Italian sabbia ‘sand’. It probably came ultimately from a base which signified ‘grind, crush’.
sand (n.): Old English sand, from Proto-Germanic *sandam (cognates: Old Norse sandr, Old Frisian sond, Middle Dutch sant, Dutch zand, German Sand), from PIE *bhs-amadho- (cognates: Greek psammos "sand;" Latin sabulum "coarse sand," source of Italian sabbia, French sable), suffixed form of root *bhes- "to rub."

Historically, the line between sand and gravel cannot be distinctly drawn. Used figuratively in Old English in reference to innumerability and instability. General Germanic, but not attested in Gothic, which used in this sense malma, related to Old High German melm "dust," the first element of the Swedish city name Malm? (the second element meaning "island"), and to Latin molere "to grind." Metaphoric for "innumerability" since Old English. Sand dollar, type of flat sea-urchin, so called from 1884, so called for its shape; sand dune attested from 1830.
sand (v.): late 14c., "to sprinkle with sand," from sand (n.); from 1620s as "to bury or fill in with sand." Meaning "to grind or polish with sand" is from 1858. Related: Sanded; sanding.

3. They all walked barefoot across the damp sand to the water's edge.: 他們?nèi)脊庵_走過潮濕的沙地來到水邊。