second
英 ['sek(?)nd]
美['s?k?nd]
- n. 秒；第二名；瞬間；二等品
- vt. 支持
- adj. 第二的；次要的；附加的
- num. 第二
- adv. 第二；其次；居第二位
- n. (Second)人名；(法)塞孔
CET4TEM4考研CET6高頻詞基本詞匯
詞態(tài)變化
復數:?seconds;第三人稱單數:?seconds;過去式:?seconded;過去分詞:?seconded;現在分詞:?seconding;名詞:?secondment;
中文詞源
second 第二的，第二位的，緊隨其后的
來自古法語 second,第二的，來自拉丁語 secundus,第二的，從屬的，按順序的，緊跟著的， 來自 sequi,跟隨，詞源同 sequence,consequent.-und,形容詞后綴。
second 秒，片刻，瞬間來自法語 seconde,秒，來自拉丁語 secunda pars minuta,即 second diminished part,第二次縮小 的部分。比較 minute,分鐘，來自拉丁語 pars minuta prima,即 prime diminished part,第一次縮 小的部分。引申詞義片刻，瞬間，短暫等。
英文詞源
- second
- second: [13] Latin secundus originally meant ‘following’ – it was derived from sequī ‘follow’, source of English sequence – and only secondarily came to be used as the ordinal version of ‘two’. English acquired it via Old French second, employing it to take over part of the role of other, which until then had denoted ‘second’ as well as ‘other’.
Its noun use for ‘sixtieth of a minute’, first recorded in English in the 14th century, comes from medieval Latin secunda minuta, literally ‘second minute’ – a minute was a ‘sixtieth part’, and so a ‘second minute’ was a ‘sixtieth of a sixtieth’. Latin secundus was also used for ‘favourable’, and in this sense the verb secundāre was formed from it, meaning ‘favour’.
English acquired it via French seconder as second ‘support’ [16]. (The differently pronounced second ‘transfer to a different job’ [19] comes from the French phrase en second ‘in second rank’.)
=> sect, sequal, sequence, sue, suit - second (adj.)
- "next after first," c. 1300, from Old French second, secont, and directly from Latin secundus "following, next in time or order," also "secondary, subordinate, inferior," from root of sequi "follow" (see sequel). Replaced native other in this sense because of the ambiguousness of the earlier word. Second sight is from 1610s; an etymologically perverse term, because it means in reality the sight of events before, not after, they occur. Second fiddle first attested 1809:
A metaphor borrowed from a musical performer who plays the second or counter to one who plays the first or the "air." [Bartlett, "Dictionary of Americanisms," 1848]
- second (n.1)
- "one-sixtieth of a minute of degree," also "sixtieth part of a minute of time," late 14c. in geometry, from Old French seconde, from Medieval Latin secunda, short for secunda pars minuta "second diminished part," the result of the second division of the hour by sixty (the first being the "prime minute," now called the minute), from Latin secunda, fem. of secundus (see second (adj.)). The second hand of a clock is attested from 1759.
- second (v.)
- 1580s, "to support or represent in a duel, fight, etc.," from Middle French seconder, from Latin secundare "to assist, make favorable," from secundus "assisting, favorable, following, second" (see second (adj.)). The parliamentary sense is first recorded 1590s. Related: Seconded; seconding.
- second (n.2)
- "assistant, supporter," 1580s, from second (v.).
雙語例句
- 1. This brings us to the second question I asked.
- 這就將我們帶到了我所提的第二個問題。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. Elliott crossed the finish line just half a second behind his adversary.
- 埃利奧特跨過終點線時僅比對手落后半秒鐘。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. All this, needless to say, had been culled second-hand from radio reports.
- 不用說，所有這些都是從電臺報道中采集來的二手材料。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. "Wait there!" Kathryn rose. "No, on second thought, follow me."
- “在那兒等著！”凱瑟琳站起身來，“不，我改主意了。跟我來。”
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. With a snarl, the second dog made a dive for his heel.
- 伴著一聲嗥叫，第二只狗撲向了他的腳后跟。
來自柯林斯例句